Li-fibers ke lintho tsa motheo tsa masela.Ka kakaretso, lisebelisoa tse nang le bophara ba ho tloha ho li-micron tse 'maloa ho isa ho mashome a li-microns le bolelele ba makhetlo a mangata a botenya ba tsona li ka nkoa e le likhoele.Har'a tsona, tse telele ho feta mashome a limilimithara tse nang le matla a lekaneng le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo li ka khetholloa e le likhoele tsa masela, tse ka sebelisoang ho hlahisa likhoele, lithapo le masela.
Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea likhoele tsa masela.Leha ho le joalo tsohle li ka hlalosoa e le likhoele tsa tlhaho kapa likhoele tse entsoeng ke motho.
1. Likhoele tsa Tlhaho
Likhoele tsa tlhaho li kenyelletsa likhoele tsa limela kapa tsa meroho, likhoele tsa liphoofolo le likhoele tsa liminerale.
Mabapi le botumo, k'hothone ke eona fiber e sebelisoang haholo, e lateloa ke line (flax) le ramie.Hangata likhoele tsa folaxe li sebelisoa, empa kaha bolelele ba fiber ea folaxe bo batla bo le khuts'oane (25 ~ 40 mm), likhoele tsa flxa li 'nile tsa kopanngoa le k'hothone kapa polyester.Ramie, seo ho thoeng ke " joang ba China", ke fiber e tšoarellang e nang le silika e khanyang.E monyela haholo empa masela a entsoeng ka eona a honyela le ho sosobana ha bonolo, kahoo ramie hangata e tsoakoa le likhoele tsa maiketsetso.
Likhoele tsa liphoofolo li tsoa boea ba phoofolo, mohlala, boea, cashmere, mohair, boea ba kamele le boea ba mmutla, joalo-joalo, kapa ho tsoa lesakeng la phoofolo, joalo ka silika ea mulberry le tussah.
Fiber ea tlhaho e tsejoang ka ho fetisisa ke asbestos, e leng fiber e sa tloaelehang e nang le khanyetso e ntle ea lelakabe empa hape e kotsi ho bophelo bo botle, ka hona, ha e sebelisoe hona joale.
2. Likhoele tse entsoeng ke batho
Likhoele tse entsoeng ke motho li ka hlalosoa e le likhoele tsa tlhaho kapa tsa inorganic.Ea pele e ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'meli: mofuta o mong o kenyelletsa tse entsoeng ka phetoho ea li-polymer tsa tlhaho ho hlahisa likhoele tse nchafalitsoeng joalo ka ha li bitsoa ka linako tse ling,' me mofuta o mong o entsoe ka li-polymers tsa maiketsetso ho hlahisa likhoele tsa maiketsetso kapa likhoele.
Hangata li-fibers tse tsosolositsoeng tse sebelisoang ke Cupro fibers (CUP, li-cellulose fibers tse fumanoang ke mokhoa oa cuprammonium) le Viscose (CV, li-cellulose fibers tse fumanoang ke mokhoa oa viscose. Ka bobeli Cupro le Viscose li ka bitsoa rayon).Acetate (CA, cellulose acetate fibers moo ka tlase ho 92%, empa bonyane 74%, ea lihlopha tsa hydroxyl li acetylated.) le triacetate (CTA, cellulose acetate fibers eo bonyane 92% ea lihlopha tsa hydroxyl e leng acetylated.) ke mefuta e meng ea likhoele tse nchafalitsoeng.Lyocell ( CLY ), Modal ( CMD ) le Tencel hona joale ke li-fibre tsa cellulose tse nchafalitsoeng tse ratoang, tse ileng tsa ntlafatsoa ho finyella tlhokahalo ea ho nahanela tikoloho tlhahiso ea bona.
Matsatsing ana, li-protein fibers tse nchafalitsoeng li ntse li ratoa.Har'a tsona ke likhoele tsa soyabean, likhoele tsa lebese le likhoele tsa Chitosan.Li-protheine tse tsosolositsoeng li loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa likopo tsa bongaka.
Li-synthetic fibers tse sebelisoang masela hangata li entsoe ka mashala, peterole kapa khase ea tlhaho, eo li-monomers li entsoeng ka polymer ka lik'hemik'hale tse fapaneng hore e be li-polymers tse phahameng tsa limolek'hule tse nang le likarolo tse bonolo tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse ka qhibilihang kapa tsa qhibiliha ka li-solvents tse loketseng.Likhoele tsa maiketsetso tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo ke polyester (PES), polyamide (PA) kapa Nylon, polyethylene (PE), acrylic (PAN), modacrylic (MAC), polyamide (PA) le polyurethane (PU).Li-polyester tse nkhang hamonate tse kang polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) le polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) le tsona li ntse li tsebahala.Ho phaella ho tsena, likhoele tse ngata tsa maiketsetso tse nang le thepa e khethehileng li entsoe, tseo Nomex, Kevlar le Spectra fibers li tla tsejoa ka tsona.Ka bobeli Nomex le Kevlar ke mabitso a mabitso a ngolisitsoeng a Khamphani ea Dupont.Nomex ke fiber ea meta-aramid e nang le thepa e babatsehang e thibelang lelakabe 'me Kevlar e ka sebelisoa ho etsa liaparo tse thibelang likulo ka lebaka la matla a eona a sa tloaelehang.Spectra fiber e entsoe ka polyethylene, e nang le boima bo phahameng ba molek'hule, 'me e nkoa e le e' ngoe ea likhoele tse matla le tse bobebe ho fetisisa lefatšeng.E loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa lihlomo, sefofane le lipapali tse sebetsang hantle.Lipatlisiso li ntse li tsoela pele.Lipatlisiso mabapi le nano fibers ke e 'ngoe ea lihlooho tse chesang ka ho fetisisa lefapheng lena,' me e le ho etsa bonnete ba hore nanoparticles e bolokehile bakeng sa motho le tikoloho, ho nkiloe karolo e ncha ea saense e bitsoang "nanotoxicology", eo hajoale e shebaneng le ho nts'etsapele mekhoa ea liteko bakeng sa ho etsa lipatlisiso. le ho lekola tšebelisano lipakeng tsa nanoparticles, motho le tikoloho.
Likhoele tse entsoeng ke motho tse sebelisoang hangata ke likhoele tsa khabone, likhoele tsa ceramic, likhoele tsa khalase le likhoele tsa tšepe.Hangata li sebelisetsoa merero e khethehileng e le ho etsa mesebetsi e itseng e khethehileng.
Ke leboha nako ea hau.
Nako ea poso: Mar-20-2023